FREE Shipping on orders over $25 shipped by Amazon. Scheer hoped to destroy Beatty’s force before Jellicoe’s arrived, but the British were warned by their codebreakers and put both forces to sea early. Omissions? The German High Seas Fleet hoped to weaken the Royal Navy by launching an ambush on the British Grand Fleet in the North Sea. It was the submarines on both sides which caused the first damage: on the German side, the battleship Westfalen went limping home with damage from a torpedo; on the British side, the light cruiser Nottingham sank off the Farne Islands after being hit three times on the morning of August 19. The summer of 1916 saw the long-deferred confrontation of Germany’s High Seas Fleet and Great Britain’s Grand Fleet in the. At 3:48 pm Hipper’s flagship, the Lützow, opened fire, which was promptly returned, but during the next 20 minutes the British line suffered severely: the Lion, the Princess Royal, and the Tiger were hit repeatedly, and the Indefatigable, caught by two salvoes from the Von der Tann, capsized and sank. The Battle of Jutland, fought over two days from 31 May 1916, was the largest sea battle of the First World War. The scheme worked: Adm. Sir John Jellicoe, commander in chief of the Grand Fleet, sent the 5th Battle Squadron south from the main British base at Scapa Flow, Scotland, to augment Vice Adm. Sir David Beatty’s 1st and 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadrons at Rosyth. The significant fact, however, was that despite these losses the balance of power in European waters was not essentially changed. The broadside of Jellicoe’s entire line could thus be brought to bear on the Germans, who could only reply with the forward guns of their leading ships. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Jutland, 1914-1918-online - International Encyclopedia of the First World War - Battle of Jutland, National Records of Scotland - Battle of Jutland 1916, History Learning Site - The Battle of Jutland. A full account of the Battle of Jutland narrated by Admiral Jellicoe’s grandson as part of the Jutland Centenary Commemorations. Battle of Jutland is the football rivalry between two of the oldest clubs in Danish football history, Aalborg BK (founded 1885) and Aarhus GF (founded 1880). HMS Invincible's ammunition magazine exploded after the battlecruiser was hit by German shells. Realistic Ballistics Model - every shell fired is tracked, 37mm and up, including armor penetration. Jellicoe, unaware that the transference of this call from ship to shore was a normal practice when the High Seas Fleet put to sea, believed that the main body of that fleet was still in German waters. The German navy lost 11 ships, including a battleship and a battle cruiser, and suffered 3,058 casualties; the British sustained heavier losses, with 14 ships sunk, includin… Battle of Jutland - Aftermath: At Jutland, the British lost 3 battlecruisers, 3 armored cruisers, and 8 destroyers, as well as 6,094 killed, 510 wounded, and 177 captured. So long as the German High Seas Fleet was doing no direct harm, the British felt that it was best left alone. The British sustained greater losses than the Germans in both ships and men: three battle cruisers, three cruisers, and eight destroyers had been sunk against one battleship, one battle cruiser, four light cruisers, and five torpedo craft lost by the Germans; 6,768 British officers and men had been killed or wounded, against 3,058 officers and men killed or wounded in the High Seas Fleet. A map of the Battle of Jutland, a naval battle fought by the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet against the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet during the First World War.The only full-scale clash of battleships in the war, the Germans intended it to lure out, trap and destroy a portion of the Grand Fleet, as the German naval force was insufficient to openly engage the entire British fleet. The Battle of Jutland was fought in the North Sea of the Atlantic Ocean, near Denmark. Goodenough’s 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron was patrolling south of Beatty’s main force, and at about 4:40 pm Goodenough reported having sighted the main body of the High Seas Fleet. Never again did battle fleets meet again in … By 1:30 pm on May 31, the rival fleets were approaching each other, but each was unaware of the other’s presence. When it was over, 25 ships were at the bottom of the North Sea and more than 8,500 men were dead, three quarters of them Britons. Visibility was rapidly worsening, however, and it was 6:14 pm before Jellicoe received a reply to his urgent signal “Where is the enemy battle fleet?” Twenty seconds later he ordered his main battle fleet to deploy on the port wing division, thus giving the British the benefit of what light remained and also cutting the line of Scheer’s retreat. The List of ships sunk at the Battle of Jutland is a list of ships which were lost during the Battle of Jutland.. The Battle of Jutland was a naval encounter between the Royal Navy's Grand Fleet under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe and the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet under Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer on 31st May to 1st June 1916. In late spring 1916, after months of calm in the North Sea following the naval action at the Dogger Bank, the main British and German fleets met in a face-to-face encounter for the first time. During the Battle of Jutland 250 warships from the British and German navies clashed from the afternoon of May 31 1916 until the small hours of the following morning. The British were not averse to a clash with their German opponents. Directed by Alicia Arce. Miraculously, there were no collisions. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? The Battle of Jutland (German: Skagerrakschlacht (Battle of the Skagerrak); Danish: Søslaget ved Jylland / Søslaget om Skagerrak) was the largest naval battle of World War I and the only full-scale clash of battleships in that war. For their part, the British were inclined to believe that another fruitless sweep to find the Germans had taken place and that they would soon return to their respective bases. The Grand Fleet was ordered south to intercept, and a British force of submarines was amassed off various ports of the North Sea. At first the British press agreed, but the truth was not so clear-cut. Just before 6:00 pm Jellicoe sighted Beatty’s battle cruisers, now augmented by the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron under Rear Adm. Horace Hood. On receipt of the signals from their light cruisers, both Beatty and Hipper turned and raced toward the sound of gunfire, and at 3:20 pm the two opposing lines of battle cruisers were in sight of each other, maneuvering for position. Only German U-boats (submarines) were capable of jeopardizing the safety of the British merchant fleet, and their success was limited at this stage of the war. Today we look at the Battle of Jutland, from the start of the shooting to the end of the battlecruiser action. Paperback $19.95 $ 19. Battle of Jutland (May 31–June 1, 1916), naval engagement off the west coast of Denmark that was the only major encounter between the main British and German fleets in World War I. The main German fleet would then close the gap and destroy the British. Hipper led his group to sea at 1:00 am on May 31—the van of a fleet of 100 ships manned by approximately 45,000 officers and men. Battle of Jutland, also called Battle of the Skagerrak, (May 31–June 1, 1916), the only major encounter between the main British and German battle fleets in World War I, fought near the Skagerrak, an arm of the North Sea, about 60 miles (97 km) off the west coast of Jutland (Denmark). Jellicoe’s battleships, steaming in six columns abeam of each other, would need to be deployed in one line before action. Beatty withdrew until Jellicoe arrived with the main fleet. The Battle of Jutland (31 May - 1 June 1916) was the largest naval battle of the First World War. At 7:16 pm, therefore, to cause a diversion and win time, he ordered his battle cruisers and torpedo-boat flotillas to virtually immolate themselves in a massed charge against the British. While the German main fleet was penned in German ports, this condition was amply fulfilled. Ships | The Battle of Jutland - Centenary Initiative 15005 page-template,page-template-ship-table,page-template-ship-table-php,page,page-id-15005,ajax_fade,page_not_loaded,,qode-child-theme-ver-1.0.0,qode-theme-ver-9.1.3,wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-4.11.2.1,vc_responsive It pitted 151 British warships against 99 German ships and was the first and only time the two battle fleets confronted each other. German Admiral Reinhard Scheer planned to lure out both Admiral Sir David Beatty’s Battlecruiser Force and Admiral Sir John Jellicoe's Grand Fleet. The Germans, now outgunned, turned for home. This is a major new account of the Battle of Jutland, the key naval battle of the First World War in which the British Grand Fleet engaged the German High Seas Fleet off the coast of Denmark in 1916. Expanded Battle-Space - 200km x 200km battle space, with the North Sea as the back drop. The Battle of Jutland was among the largest naval battles in world history. The 24 minute animation gives the viewer an overview of the major “chapters” of the battle – the opening battle cruiser action, the Grand Fleet deployment, the Turn Away and the Night Destroyer actions. At 2:15 pm the turn commenced, a light-cruiser screen spreading out between the heavy ships and the Helgoland Bight. As the German battle cruisers and torpedo boats steamed gallantly forward, the battleships astern became confused in their endeavour to turn away. The 5th Battle Squadron (left behind by the faster battle cruisers) now joined the British line, and its heavy guns caused such damage to Hipper’s battle cruisers that the German torpedo-boat screen moved in to launch a torpedo attack. The Germans damaged Beatty’s flagship, HMS Lion, and sank HMS Indefatigable and HMS Queen Mary, both of which blew up when German shells hit their ammunition magazines. Two torpedo boats were dispatched to investigate. Beatty immediately withdrew northward to lure the enemy toward the rest of the Grand Fleet, the 5th Battle Squadron covering the withdrawal. The Battle of Jutland began on the afternoon of May 31, 1916, after a chance encounter in the North Sea between Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty’s British Battle … It was a clear, calm spring day. At 3:40 pm on May 30, 1916, all units of the High Seas Fleet received the executive signal to put this plan into operation. Actual brutal defeat at Jutland might see a faster transfer of command to a far less competent officer (i.e Beatty) and the Royal Navy jetting straight into catastrophe. Had the N.J. Fjord not attracted so much attention, Hipper’s scouting group would inevitably have led the High Seas Fleet toward the Grand Fleet when the latter was fully concentrated under Jellicoe’s command. He was mistaken, and a few minutes after 7:00 pm he was in a worse position than the one from which he had just extricated himself: his battle line had become compressed, his leading ships were under merciless bombardment again, and it was obvious that he must once more turn away. Visibility had worsened, and smoke lay thick over the seas. Temporarily out of stock. History behind rivalry. At 2:20 pm, the cause of their meeting forgotten, both forces were signaling “Enemy in sight,” and at 2:28 pm the Galatea fired the first shots of the Battle of Jutland. Jellicoe, not knowing whether a mine or a torpedo had been responsible for the sinking, turned north and for two hours steamed away from the enemy. Documentary about the Battle of Jutland, a naval battle during World War I between the British and German fleets, which took place on 31 May and 1 June 1916 in the North Sea, off the west coast of Denmark. Yet the Grand Fleet was still between the High Seas Fleet and the German ports, and this was the situation which Scheer most dreaded. Hipper’s fleet was to steam north from Wilhelmshaven to a point off the Norwegian coastline. A decisive victory in this battle would have either ended WWI or … The German plan was simple. This is a major new account of the Battle of Jutland, the key naval battle of the First World War in which the British Grand Fleet engaged the German High Seas Fleet off the coast of Denmark in 1916. Scheer felt that a more aggressive war policy might prove fruitful, and he soon formulated a plan in accordance with that belief. It resulted in many casualties and loss of ships for both sides. Just before daylight, Jellicoe turned his battleships to search again for the High Seas Fleet, but he was too late. Destroyers. The Battle of Jutland (31 May-1 June 1916) was the largest naval battle of the First World War, involving 250 ships and around 100,000 men. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Naval Operations in the Dardanelles Campaign. Just before 2:00 pm the light cruiser Elbing, on the western flank of the German scouting group, sighted the smoke of a small Danish steamer, the N.J. Fjord, on the horizon to the west. The Battle of Jutland. 95. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Lützow, the Derfflinger, and the battleship König led the line and were under broadside fire from 10 or more battleships, yet their main armament remained undamaged, and they fought back to such effect that one of their salvoes fell full on the Invincible (Hood’s flagship), causing an explosion which tore the ship in half and killed all except six of the crew. As it was, because he overrated the danger of a torpedo attack, he ordered a turn away, and the two opposing lines of battleships steamed apart at more than 20 knots (23 miles [37 km] per hour). This battle was fought between the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet and the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet on 31 May and 1 June 1916, during the First World War.The list is in chronological order of the time of sinking. They did not meet again, and, when darkness descended, Jellicoe faced the task of covering Scheer’s possible escape routes—southward directly to the Jadebusen or southeastward to the Horns Reef and then home. Scheer, did, however, have one more card up his sleeve which he sought to play in 1916. The Battle of Jutland (31 May - 1 June 1916) was the largest naval battle of the First World War. In total, … To Jellicoe, Goodenough’s signal came as an illuminating surprise, but, unfortunately, it was not sufficiently detailed. As the last battleship turned into line, the murk cleared slightly to reveal the leading ships of the High Seas Fleet heading for the middle of the Grand Fleet. Destroyers were the lightest warships to fight at Jutland. 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