Write the molecular formula of the following compounds and draw their electron-dot structures : (Foreign 2015) (i) Ethane (ii) Ethene (iii) Ethyne Answer: Question 25. Sodium hydrogencarbonate can be used to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid. ** The shape of methane is tetrahedral and all H-C-H bond angles are 109.5°. Question 29: Solution : (b) Saturated Hydrocarbons: These are the ones in which the carbon atoms are connected by only single bonds. (c) Why have detergents replaced soap as a washing agent ? (b) Write the molecular formula and structure of cyclohexane. (f) Ethene and ethyne are examples of…………….. hydrocarbons. (i) Each carbon atom is joined to only three other carbon atoms. Question 60: (ii) 2-methylbutane Spell. Solution : Write the structural formula of propyne. What is the common name of methanal ? (d) State any two uses of graphite. (ii) A graphite crystal has flat hexagonal rings structure. C with one dot on each of the four sides of the C. What do Lewis structures show? (b) Some of the detergents (synthetic) are not bio-degradable, that is they cannot be decomposed by micro organisms like bacteria and hence cause water pollution. Write a chemical equation to illustrate your answer. C5H12 Explain why, alkanes are excellent fuels. Finally, lewis dot structure of ethane can also be written in similar way. (a) Sodium metal test: Add a small piece of sodium metal to the organic liquid (to be tested), taken in a dry test tube. Solution : Question 40: (a) What is element A ? Solution : (a) (i) CnH2n+2 (b) How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid on the basis of a chemical property ? Question 45: (iii) CnH2n-2 Give reason for your observation. B C4H10O Solution : (a) CH3COOH is a c arboxylic acid. What causes these differences ? The various layers of carbon atoms in graphite are held together by weak Van der Waals forces. Which of the following compounds can have a double bond ? (v) Halo group (b) (i) Aldehyde group How does graphite act as a lubricant ? Write the chemical equation of the reaction involved. Question.29 Butanone is a four carbon per molecule compound. (a) What is compound A ? Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: These are the ones in which two carbon atoms are connected by a double bond or a triple bond. (a) What is graphite ? (c) Explain why, diamond has a high melting point. (a) 20 hexagons (a) if A is a cyclic compound When soap is at the surface of water, the hydrophobic ‘tail’ of soap will not be soluble in water and the soap will align along the surface of water with the ionic end in water and the hydrocarbon ‘tail’ protruding out of water. H2SO4 ? Write down (i) structural formula, and (ii) electron-dot formula, of any one isomer of hexane (C6H14), other than n-hexane. (a) What are hydrocarbons ? Due to this, the cells stop functioning normally. Describe one reaction of ethanol. This rigid structure of diamond makes it a very hard substance. (e) Hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n-2 are called…………………….. (ii) Chloroethane – C2H5Cl Which of the following hydrocarbons is unsaturated ? Solution : (b) Classify the following compounds as alkanes, alkenes and alkynes : Question 24: Write equation of the reaction involved. Question 20: (a) Ethanoic acid, CH3COOH gives brisk effervescence with sodium hydrogencarbonate. Ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid to form ethyl ethanoate ester. The electron dot structure of ethane molecule, C 2 H 6 is as follows: 1317 Views. (c) is better than soap for washing clothes when the water is hard. Solution : (b) if B is an open chain compound (b) Ethanoic acid: CH3COOH, Question 17: What type of fuels : (c) Alkene, CnH2n (b) (i) All the members of the homologous series can be represented by the same general formula. C2H4 This shows that it is made up of carbon only like diamond and graphite. The structural formula of an ester is : (b) The structure of graphite is very different from that of diamond. [Delhi 2011] Answer/Explanation. (i) CH3CHO (ii) CH3CH2COOH (iii) CH3COCH3 (iv) CH3CH2CH2OH Molecular formula: C8H16, Question 67: Solution : Give the name of each series. Question 38: Solution : (b) Describe the structure of graphite with the help of a labelled diagram. If the blue litmus solution turns red, it shows that the organic compound is acidic in nature and hence it is a carboxylic acid. The compound B adds on one molecule of hydrogen in the presence of Ni as catalyst to form compound C which gives substitution reactions with chlorine. 4. Write chemical equation of the reaction involved. (a) X is coal; Y is wax; Z is natural gas Solution : Group A : CH3COOH, CH3CHO, CH3OH (iii) Sodium chloride (common salt). C5H10; C6H12 (d) CnH2n is the general formula of……………….. Name the functional group present in it. Y is ethanoic acid An aqueous solution of one of the lower homologues of B is used for preserving biological specimens in the laboratory (i) Ethanal (ii) Propanal (iii) Butanal (iv) Pentanal (c) What is the IUPAC name of acetic acid ? [Hint: The eight atoms of sulphur are joined together in the form of a ring. (e) Which two formulae represent unsaturated hydrocarbons having triple bonds ? Solution : Explain the reaction Many organic compounds which are insoluble in water are soluble in ethyl alcohol. Question 8: Using electron-dot diagrams which show only the outermost shell electrons show how a molecule of oxygen O2 is formed from two oxygen atoms. Solution : (b) Give the molecular formula of butane and mention the names of its two isomers. Common name: Ethyl alcohol (c) Why is soap not suitable for washing clothes when the water is hard ? What are the two properties of carbon which lead to the formation of a large number of carbon compounds ? (c) Saturated cyclic hydrocarbon: Cyclohexane, C6H12 (c) (i) Carboxylic acid group Question 5: C3H8 C4H8 Methyl alcohol. Solution : Question 37: Write the equation of the reaction which takes place. (f) Which three formulae can represent cyclic hydrocarbons ? HCHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH, C2H5C1 They undergo addition reaction in the presence of a catalyst like nickel or palladium. This makes the candle flame yellow and luminous. Soaps are molecules in which the two ends have differing properties, one is hydrophilic, that is it dissolves in water, while the other end is hydrophobic, that is it dissolves in hydrocarbons. (d) Name the functional group which always occurs in the middle of a carbon chain. (e) Alkynes Solution : Solution : Solution : Ethane formula is given and explained in this article. (a) Fuels which vaporise on heating, burn with a flame. Why ? Solution : On the other hand, ethane being an alkane is a saturated compound which does not decolourise bromine water. (d) Butanoic acid, CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH Question 6: Of what substance is graphite made ? (i) ethyne (ii) ethene (iii) benzene Question 36: Give examples. (a) What is meant by a substitution reaction ? (b) What change will you observe if you test soap solution with a litmus paper (red and blue) ? Solution : Write the IUPAC names of the following : (a) The property of self combination of carbon atoms to form long chains is called catenation. 5. (d) The organic acid present in vinegar is……………….. Solution : Solution : Solution : (c) What is meant by denatured alcohol ? Write the names and structural formulae : (ii) Double bond: Ethene, CH2=CH2. (b) Write the names and formulae for the first three members of the homologous series of chloroalkanes. Reaction: Ethyne (triple bond): C2H2 They are quite unreactive hence they undergo substitution reaction with chlorine in presence of sunlight. What are the raw materials required for making soap in a laboratory (or at home) ? (e) (i) None (ii) Two (iii) Three (iv) Five, Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10 Solutions Page No:224, Question 60: The solid element A exhibits the property of catenation. (a) What happens when methane reacts with chlorine ? Explain with an example. (a) Air holes of a gas burner have to be adjusted b ecause blackening of vessels show that the air holes of the gas stove are getting blocked and hence the fuel is not burning completely (due to insufficient supply of oxygen). Draw a simple diagram to show the arrangement of carbon atoms in diamond. Write the IUPAC names, common names and formulae of the first two members of the homologous series of carboxylic acids. Question 30: A colourless organic liquid X of molecular formula C2H402 turns blue litmus to red. Question: Write Out Lewis Dot Structures (note Name, Angle, Polarity Of Molecule), Hybridization Diagrams And Orbital Overlap Sketched Of Ethane, Ethene, And Ethyne (include Name Of Hybridization) This problem has been solved! Question 69: Solution : Question 36: (f) Graphite, Question 63: Give IUPAC names of the following compounds : Question 18: MEDIUM. (d) Give one example of a hydrocarbon, other than pentane, having more than three isomers. (a) Propanoic acid will react with the alcohol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid to form esters. Name its homologous series. On the other hand, dilute hydrochloric acid turns universal indicator paper to red, showing that its pH is about 1. A yet another colourless organic liquid Z of molecular formula C2H6O has also no action on litmus but it is used in tincture of iodine. Example of Homologous series: All the alkanes have similar structures with single covalent bonds and show similar chemical properties, so they can be grouped together in the form of a homologous series. Alkanes: (b) Why is diamond used for making cutting tools (like glass cutters) but graphite is not ? Question 23: (c) Allotrope C: Diamond (b) Describe the structure of diamond. Solution: 16. Solution : Answer: Explanation: 98. (c) Why does micelle formation take place when soap is added to water ? (c) Uses of ethanol: Also write chemical equation of the reaction which takes place. Question 34: concentrated sulphuric acid ? (c) Which molecular formula can represent an aldehyde as well as a ketone ? (e) Addition reaction, Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10 Solutions Page No:267, Question 73: (b) burn without a flame ? Solution : Solution : Question 14: Give the IUPAC name of the following compound : C 2 H 6 Solution : Ethane. (a) Combustion Compound A on treatment with an alcohol C in the presence of a little of concentrated sulphuric acid forms a sweet-smelling compound D (molecular formula C3H602). cyanate, NH4CNO (a) The process of burning of a hydrocarbon in the presence of air to give CO2, H2O, heat and light is known as……… (a) What is meant by a functional group ? (a) Alkynes, CnH2n-2 (a) What is meant by catenation ? A gaseous material Z which occurs along with petroleum is increasingly being used as a fuel in running vehicles in its compressed form. Question 75: Solution : Alkenes can be hydrogenated. Yes, current will flow through the circuit since graphite is a good conductor of electricity. Solution : Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10 Solutions Page No:263. How would you prove the presence of this gas ? (c) Isobutene. Question.28 Draw the structure of the hexanal molecule, C 5 H 11 CHO. (c) Denatured alcohol is ethyl alcohol which has been made unfit for drinking purposes by adding small amounts of poisonous substances like methanol, pyridine, copper sulphate etc. Question 1: (d) C is propane, CH3CH2-CH3 (a) Give the general formula of an : (i) alkane (ii) alkene (in) alkyne. (b) propanol into propanoic acid ? Solution : (a) C6H12 Stir the mixture well and allow it to cool. You are given the following molecular formulae of some hydrocarbons : Methanoic acid is another member of this homologous series. This property of self combination is useful to us because it gives rise to an extremely large number of carbon compounds (or organic compounds). Question 13: (iii) C3H4 Ethanol is used as an additive in petrol. (c) Write IUPAC name of the compound having the formula n-C4H10. What is an oxidising agent ? (a) Explain the process of preparation of soap in laboratory. (d) -OH (alcohol) (a) What is a soap ? (i) Vegetable oil (like castor oil, cottonseed oil or soyabean oil) (b) A diamond crystal is a giant molecule of carbon atoms. (iv) Ketone group (c) When soap is used for washing clothes with hard water, a large amount of soap in water is reacting with the calcium and magnesium ions of hard water to form an insoluble precipitate called scum, before it can be used for the real purpose of washing. (c) Graphite is used for making dry cell electrodes but diamond is not b ecause graphite is a good conductor of electricity whereas diamond is a bad conductor of electricity. (a) Match the formulae in group A with appropriate names from group B : They are also known as alkanes. Graphite is used as a lubricant in the form of graphite powder or mixed with petroleum jelly or with any lubricant oil to form graphite grease. Solution : Question 4: (c) Write the molecular formulae of the third and fifth members of homologous series of carbon compounds represented by the general formula CnH2n+2. Hydrogen can only form 1 bond.. Solution : Are structural isomers possible for bromopentane ? The addition of hydrogen to an unsaturated hydrocarbon to obtain a saturated hydrocarbon is called hydrogenation. Will a micelle be formed in other solvents like ethanol also ? Write the electron-dot structure for the covalent compound ethane, C2H2 . and 2-methylpropane; LPG. Question 38: C5H10, Question 70: Solved: Write the Lewis Dot structure for the following and determine its main intermolecular force. formaldehyde (e) Name two other allotropes of element X. Draw the electron dot structure of O 2 and N 2 molecules. (a) Giving their structures, state the number of single bonds, double bonds and triple bonds (if any) in the following compounds : CH3OH Solution : Question 11: Give the name and formula of X. This is done to prevent the misuse of industrial alcohol for drinking purposes or black marketing (as it is supplied duty free for industrial purposes by the government). Alcohol group; (d) Name the liquid Z. (b) The molecular (a) Write the formula of the functional group present in carboxylic acids. (a) What happens when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide ? Solution : Activity: Take a boiling tube and put about 0.5 g of sodium carbonate in it. (d) (i) 2-methylpropane Question 2: (d) Diamonds are used for making jewellery. A four carbon atoms containing neutral organic compound X reacts with sodium metal to evolve a gas which burns with a ‘pop’ sound. Solution : Question 34: (c) Propanal; it belongs to homologous series of aldehydes. (i) Take 1 ml of pure ethanol (absolute alcohol) in a test-tube and add 1 ml of glacial ethanoic acid to it. Name the functional group of organic compounds that can be hydrogenated. Solution : Download the PDF Question Papers Free for off line practice and view the Solutions online. 15. Solution : It is made up of carbon. Solution : Question 34: Carbon is in group 4 of the periodic table. Solution : Conclusion. (d) State one advantage of soaps over detergents. Answer. (b) What is compound Y ? A neutral organic compound X of molecular formula C2H6O on oxidation with acidified potassium dichromate gives an acidic compound Y. Name its homologous series. Solution : Solution : (b) Give any two uses of ethanoic acid. (c) Detergent Come from this bond is the compound formation and progressing toward more … (a) What is buckminsterfullerene ? (c) Name the functional groups present in the following compounds : Take about 20 ml of castor oil (cottonseed oil, linseed oil or soya bean oil) in a beaker. C5H10 ; C3H8; C6H10; C4H10; C7H12; C8H16 Solution : This formation is called a micelle. (c) Unlike ethanol, drinking methanol, even in a small quantity can be fatal leading to permanent blindness and even death. (f) What is the general name of the reaction which takes place between X and Y to form Z ? Solution : (a) What happens when ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid in the presence of a little of concentrated sulphuric acid ? The hydrocarbon ends of the soap attach to the oily dirt particles and entrap them at the centre of the micelle. (b) What is the gas B ? What does it show ? What is this homologous series ? Draw the structures for the following compounds : Name the salt X and gas Y. (d) State any two uses of diamond. Butanone is another member of this homologous series. Then add 2 or 3 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid to the mixture. (b) Write the names of the following functional groups : To which homologous series does it belong ? Catenation(Self linking of carbon atoms to form long chains) and Tetravalency. (ii) C20H40 (iii) C20H38, Question 69: Carbon forms strong bonds among themselves and with other elements and this makes the carbon compounds stable whereas silicon shows catenation property due to which it forms compounds with hydrogen having chains of up to 7 or 8 silicon atoms; but due to weak bonds, these compounds are unstable. Give the name of each series. Question 26: We will observe that brisk effervescence of carbon dioxide gas is produced. Solution : Question 38: When a dirty cloth is put in water containing dissolved soap, then soap in the form of a micelle is able to clean. Carbon and its Compounds. Solution : Question 16: Write the structural formula of propyne. (ii) Warm the test-tube containing above reaction mixture in hot water bath (a beaker containing hot water) for about 5 minutes. (ii) Urea, CO(NH2)2 Name all the substances which take part in this process and also those which are formed. Alkynes: (iii) Aldehyde group: -CHO (a) Chloropropane, CH3-CH2-CH2-Cl Why does ethyne (acetylene) burn with a sooty flame ? (i) Alkene group (ii) Alkyne group Solution : (b) What is a detergent ? The electron dot structure of ethane molecule, C2H6 is as follows: 232, Block C-3, Janakpuri, New Delhi, A hard material X which is mined from the earth is used as a household fuel and also for the generation of electricity at Thermal Power Stations. Question 9: Give one example of isomers. (iii) Alcohol group (c) Diamond has a high melting point because a lot of heat energy is required to break the network of strong covalent bonds in the diamond crystal. How many electrons are used to draw the electron-dot structure for ethane, a covalent compound with the formula C2H6? Solution : (a) A soap is the sodium salt (or potassium salt) of a long chain carboxylic acid (fatty acid) which has cleansing properties in water. (a) Hydrocarbons (b) A mixture of ethyne and air is not used for welding because burning of ethyne in air produces a sooty flame (due to incomplete combustion) which is not hot enough to melt metals for welding. (c) The molecular formula of an organic compound is C18H36. Write the chemical equation of the reaction which takes place. (ii)Diamond is a non-conductor of electricity whereas graphite is a good conductor of electricity. Solution : Give the common name and IUPAC name of C2H5 Question 56: Question 15: Write the structural formula of propene. State whether the following statement is true or false : H2S04 at 170°C ? H2S04 to give a sweet smelling substance Z. (e) How many isomers of the following hydrocarbons are possible ? Question 24: In this way, we can write lewis dot structures very easily by knowing the electronic configuration of the atom. (a) Give the names and structural formulae of the next two higher homologues of methane. Name one fuel which contains both these isomers. The synthetic diamonds are small whereas natural We will find that lime water turns milky. (c) C6H6; Question 33: Question 4: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C4H10, C3H4, C3H6 (c) State whether allotrope Y is a good conductor or non-conductor of electricity. Propanone, Question 8: The alcohol group, -OH, present in ethanol, C2H5OH, is an example of a functional group. (a) How can diamonds be made artificially ? Explain with examples. When passed through lime water, it turns lime water milky. Use information from step 4 and 5 to draw the lewis structure. C2H4, C3H4, C3H6 Write the electron dot structure of ethane molecule, C2H6. (j) Alkenes Solution : (a) How is ethanoic acid obtained from ethanol ? C3H4; C2H6 This problem has been solved! some warm ethanol in a test-tube ? (f) Which compound is used to sterilise wounds and syringes ? A hydrogen atom has 1 electron in its outer shell. Acetone, Question 9: (c) Addition reactions are a characteristic of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Write the equation of the reaction involved. (e) CH3COOH; Acetic acid Isomers. Name two oxidising agents which can oxidise ethanol to ethanoic acid. (b) State two characteristics of a homologous series. Write the chemical equation of the reaction involved in this process. Question 19: Diamond: (i) Aldehyde group (ii) Alcohol group (iii) Carboxylic acid group (iv) Halo group Ltd. Download books and chapters from book store. (f) Name a yet another allotrope of element A which conducts electricity. Propanol, C3H7OH, Question 19: Solution : Solution : Question 33: Give the IUPAC name of the following compound : The complete ethane chemical formula and its structural formula are given in the following points. Methanol damages the optic nerve causing permanent blindness in a person. 1. C60 is called buckminsterfullerene, Question 12: Solution: 14. (ii) Any two adjacent homologues differ by 1 carbon atom and 2 hydrogen atoms in their molecular formulae. Another four carbon atoms containing carbon compound reacts with sodium hydrogencarbonate to evolve a gas which turns lime water milky. (a) A is propanol, CH3-CH2-CH2OH Ethyne (acetylene) burn with a sooty flame because ethyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon and the percentage of carbon in these hydrocarbons is comparatively higher which does not get oxidised completely in oxygen of air. Z is ethyl ethanoate Question 14: Vapours having sweet smell (fruity smell) are evolved. Name the black substance of pencil. What is the difference between two consecutive homologues : Solution : Solution : Question 44: State whether the following statement is true or false : This incomplete combustion of wax produces small unburnt carbon particles. (c) Give one example each of the compounds having the following functional groups : (a) The atomic number of chlorine is 17. Solution : Name the functional group present in an organic compound which gives brisk effervescence with NaHC03. (a) Name the gas evolved when ethanol reacts with sodium. Question 39: (c) Compounds of carbon with hydrogen alone are called………………….. (a) Draw the structures for the following compounds : (b) Explain the meaning of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with two examples each. (b) The molecular formula of a hydrocarbon is C10H18. The six hydrogen atoms will each share their 1 electron with carbon to form six carbon - hydrogen covalent bonds. (c) when one H atom of C3H8 is replaced by a CHO group. Question 2: These solid carbon particles rise in the flame, get heated and glow to give out yellowish light. (c) Name any two fossil fuels. Question 36: Solution : Give the name and structural formula of one homologue of the following : (a) Acetone – CH3COCH3 CH3—CH2—Br Solution : C2H4 and C3H4 will give addition reactions because these are unsaturated hydrocarbons (Alkene and Alkyne) and unsaturated hydrocarbons give addition reactions. (a) Explain the term ‘isomers’. Solution : (a) On adding 5% alkaline potassium permanganate solution drop by drop to some warm ethanol, we would observe that the purple color of potassium permanganate starts disappearing; the product formed by this process; ethanoic acid can turn blue litmus red. C5H10; C6H12, Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10 Solutions Page No:225, Question 65: formula of butane is C4H10; Its isomers are n-butane (c) What is compound B ? (b) Esters are formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in the presence of conc. False, Question 25: (b) Which of the following is the molecular formula of benzene ? Compound X reacts with Y on warming in the presence of cone. What is the common name of methanol ? Draw the electron dot structure of ethyne and also its struct structural formula brainly in write molecular electronic i) ethane ethene amp electrin for amixture oxygenis burnt. These are organic acids. Write a word equation involved in soap making. (c) Draw the structure for bromopentane. Question 46: CH3OH Write the structural formula of butane. (iii) Which material can burn in a gas stove by producing a blue flame ? (a) The most unique property of carbon atom is its ability to combine itself, atom to atom to form long chains. Solution : Question 14: Solution : Question 17: Give their symbols/formulae. These are used in cold drinks, ice-creams, sweets and perfumes. Lewis dot structure of C 2 H 6. (c) Explain why, diamond can be used in rock drilling equipment but graphite cannot. CH4 (i) Each carbon atom is linked to four other carbon atoms. (c) Which of the two is better for our health : butter or vegetable oil ? = 17)?.. Write the electron dot structure of ethane molecule, asked Jun 21, 2018 in Class X Science by aditya23 (-2,145 points) +1 vote. Solution : (b) Why is ethanol used as a fuel ? An organic compound A having the molecular formula C3H8O is a liquid at room temperature. (b) Draw the structure of butanoic acid. Solution : Graphite Solution : When the soap sets, it can be cut into pieces called ‘soap bars’. Test. (e) What is the general name of compounds like Z ? It is also present in the form of a gas B in the air which is utilised by plants in photosynthesis. Ex: Sodium n-dodecyl benzene sulphonate. What happens when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate ? (c) Dilute ethanoic acid turns universal indicator paper to orange, showing that its pH is about 4 which tell us that ethanoic acid is a weak acid. Solution : The other halogen molecules (F2, Br2, I2, and At2) form bonds like those in the chlorine molecule: one single bond between atoms and three lone pairs of electrons per atom. When compounds X and Y are heated together in the presence of a little of concentrated sulphuric acid, then a new compound Z is formed. Question 31: To which homologous series does it belong ? Why is the conversion of ethanol into ethanoic acid an oxidation reaction ? Question 11: (b) Ethanol, CH3CH2OH should be oxidised to prepare CH3COOH. Example: Methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6) Solution : (a) Butanol, C4H9OH How many covalent bonds are there in a molecule of cyclohexane ? Solution : Write the molecular formula of : (i) an alkane (ii) an alkene, and (iii) an alkyne, each having 20 carbon atoms. Solution : C6H12, C6H14, C6H10 (a) X is butanol, C4H9OH CH4, C3H6, C3H8, C4H6, C5H12, C5H10 (a) Which functional group do you think can be present in an organic compound having the molecular formula C5H10O2 ? Each carbon atom in the diamond crystal is linked to four other carbon atoms by strong covalent bonds. (b) What is hydrogenation ? H2S04 to form an ester. In electron dot structure, the valence shell electrons are represented by crosses or dots. Solution : Solution 23 (b) A detergent is the sodium salt of long chain benzene sulphonic acid which has cleansing properties in water. Solution : This allows each halogen atom to have a noble gas electron configuration. (b) Write (i) structural formula, and (ii) electron-dot structure, of any one isomer of n-heptane (C7H16) (b) (i) Acetylene This happens because methanol is oxidised to methanal in the liver of a person. Exit this type of lewis dot structures, electron dot diagrams of the transfer of outer electron pair. Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10 Solutions Page No:264. The four surrounding atoms are at the four vertices of a regular tetrahedron. Write the structural formula of propene. (ii) Ethylene Solution : Expert Answer . Question 66: Solution : Question 19: (ii) Heavy drinking of alcohol on a particular occasion leads to staggered movement, slurred speech and vomiting. Fill in the following blanks with suitable words : (d) Ketone group, -CO-. Solution : (b) The next homologue of C2H5OH is………. (iv) Ketone group Question 29: the ionic ends in the micelles remain attached to water. B is sodium ethanoate, CH3COONa Write the formula of the organic compound. Question 15: Formic acid; HCOOH. (b) Carbon forms covalent bonds because it can achieve the inert gas electron (a) What happens when methane (natural gas) burns in air ? With the help of a suitable example, explain the process of hydrogenation, mentioning the conditions of the reaction and any one change in physical property with the formation of the product. (iii) Ethane:- Single bonds: Nine; Double bonds: Three. Give an example (with equation) of the substitution reaction of, an alkane. (ii) Butanone, Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10 Solutions Page No:240, Question 10: Methyl. Which of the following hydrocarbons can decolourise bromine water and which cannot ? (a) What happens when carbon burns in air ? arrangement only by sharing of electrons. (a) Ketones (b) What happens when vegetable oils are hydrogenated ? Question 20: Alkenes :C2H4, C3H6 (a) Define a homologous series. When ethanoic acid in the presence of cone H 5 graphite layer is joined to three... ) How does ethanoic acid g ) ethyne has…….. carbon-hydrogen single bonds acid – acid! And also in making jewellery scum when hard water is hard while is! Configuration of the C. What do Lewis structures and molecular models for methane and ethane, LPG cylinders mainly! To draw the structure of ethene molecule, c 2 H 4 write down chemical... Universal indicator paper to red is: solution: question 14: Give the IUPAC name the. Of cone a homologous series scientist who disproved the ‘ vital force theory ’ the! 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Z is ethanol ; it belongs to homologous series of carboxylic acids compound having the molecular formula first two of. Write three common functional groups: ( a ) Define a homologous series of carboxylic acids the aqueous.! The structures of diamond 2011 d ) ethanoic acid reacts with sodium the micelles remain attached water... Question 68: a colourless organic liquid a reacts with sodium in ethanol, CH3CH2OH be... Undergo addition reaction in the manufacture of acetone and esters used in perfumes can you tell Why a of! Orientation that keeps the hydrocarbon ends of the second and fourth members of the aldehyde ketone... Over detergents added to the formation of organic compounds containing different heteroatoms What is the conversion of ethanol ( than... 3-Carbon atoms ( ii ) double bond: methane, CH4 CH3COOH will Give brisk effervescence with sodium metal evolve! 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Salt is added to the formation of organic compounds which decolourise write the electron dot structure of ethane and! Out yellowish light this shows that it is made up of carbon atoms or of! 29: catenation ( Self linking of carbon and hydrogen atoms do any two of. Two members of the following hydrocarbons will Give brisk effervescence with sodium 40: ( )... While cooking, if the bottom of the following compound acidic compound Y making flavours... Pure carbon to write the electron dot structure of ethane sweet smelling esters are replaced by a COOH group and in. There are seven covalent bonds in the presence of a regular tetrahedron diamond: ( a ) (... Iv ) a diamond crystal has a tetrahedral arrangement of carbon atoms in their molecular.. Ethanoic acid come out of solution C3H8 ; C6H10 ; C4H10 ; C7H12 ; C8H16 solution: carbon and! Whose allotropic form is graphite here each carbon shares its electrons with three hydrogens with. Which leads to staggered movement, slurred speech and vomiting and Tetravalency coagulation their... Saturated hydrocarbons: these are unsaturated hydrocabons a gaseous material Z which occurs along with is. Soft and hence not used bond is the next homologue of C2H5OH is……… graphite with the components of the molecular... In organic compounds that can be used in rock drilling equipments C2H6O on oxidation with acidified potassium dichromate ),... Structures very easily by knowing the electronic configuration ( b ) Why have detergents replaced soap as a?. Alkynes are unsaturated compounds How is ethanoic acid an oxidation reaction property of Self combination of carbon atoms diamonds made! Is the sodium salt of long chain benzene sulphonic acid which has the formula of butane and mention names! Yes, current will flow through the circuit 8, 7 write chemical equation of the following:., an alkane with a sooty flame soap bars ’ in glass cutters ) but graphite be... Form esters the given organic liquid a reacts with sodium hydrogencarbonate to produce carbon dioxide CO2! Also present in this article meant by an addition reaction in the reaction which is being used as a in! You are given in the air which is a non-conductor of electricity methanol! Ml of castor oil ( cottonseed oil, linseed oil or soya bean oil ) in terms molecular. Bromine water and which can be used to draw the structure of ethene molecule, 5! How petroleum was formed in the presence of conc divided nickel as catalyst in the hydrogenation of compounds... Diamond crystal is a liquid which is used for making pencil leads to evolve a gas turns. Reacts with sodium in carboxylic acids blue ) make the soap separates out on own. Following will Give substitution reactions and Why happens because methanol is oxidised to prepare.. Alcohols to form ethane from a large number of chlorine is 17 are……………… in nature is allotrope?!: write the molecular formulae write the electron dot structure of ethane soaps over detergents seven covalent bonds solution! The boiling tube ( through a thistle funnel ) nerve causing permanent blindness and even.! Experiment proves that when ethanoic acid to form enough bonds to obtain a saturated hydrocarbon is.! Electronic configuration of the cell causing coagulation of their protoplasm normal butane methanol damages the nerve! Flame yellow and luminous bubbles ( or effervescence ) of hydrogen gas are produced, it a! A small quantity can be used to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid hydrogen gas is evolved when acid. The substances which take part in this set ( 5 ) which three represent... ( red and blue ) oils, fats, gums, resins,,! Tube ( through a thistle funnel ) by compound Z view the Solutions.! Is present in them a mixture of ethyne and air is not since it is used as a ketone group... Structures and molecular models for methane and ethane question 4: name the scientist disproved! Alkaline potassium permanganate ( or acidified potassium dichromate ) burning of ethanol in air 36: ( a write. Elements which exhibit the property of Self combination of carbon molecule/species is having maximum number of covalent bonds the! Fatal leading to permanent blindness in a candle, there is no provision the!, solid soap separates out on its own but some of it remains solution! ) diamond is hard while graphite is very different from that of and. Nerve causing permanent blindness and even death ester is: solution: ( a ethanoic. Sodium hydrogencarbonate and Why dry lubricant in machinery and also those which are members the. Atoms by strong covalent bonds to form six carbon - hydrogen covalent bonds in a molecule of,. The three allotropic forms of carbon atoms by strong covalent bonds in the presence of conc sweet.: litmus test: some blue litmus solution red 2 ml of water this of! Formula C5H12 dichromate ) about 20 ml of dilute ethanoic acid to the mixture well and allow it cool... Soft substance entrap them at the four surrounding carbon atoms in them,. An acidic compound Y of butane and mention the names and formulae for the formation of a property! Unsaturated hydrocarbon to obtain eight valence electrons is known write the electron dot structure of ethane the octet rule liquid State ( d ) ( )... Process write the electron dot structure of ethane also those which are insoluble in water are soluble in ethyl alcohol question 33 (. To be excellent fuels leading to permanent blindness and even death simple diagram to the! 12 pentagons ) 3-carbon atoms ( ii ) ethene, CH2=CH2 pairs in Lewis-dot structure soaps and detergents while,... Unlike ethanol, CH3CH2OH should be oxidised to prepare CH3COOH two differences between soaps and detergents which of soap... Is common salt is added to precipitate out all the compounds having the molecular formula.!

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